Filter



No. 6|4,558. Patan ted Nov. 22, I898.

|. KOHN.

FILTER.

(Application filed Dec. 9, 1897.;

2 Sheets-Sheet l. V

TNE Monms PETERS 00 Pno'muruo. WASHINGTON, D. c.

No. 6|4,558. Patented Nov. 22, I898. L KOHN.

FILTER.

I (Application filed Dec. 9, 1897.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

IHE NORRIS PETERS co mamufnoi, WASHINGTON, m c

IINiTED STATES Prion,

ISIDOR KOIIN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

FlLTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 614,558, dated November22, 1898.

Application filed December 9, 1897. Serial No. 661,274. (No model.)

T 0 all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, ISIDOR KOHN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Filters, of which the followingisa specification.

My invention relates to an improved filter for use in filtering waterand liquors of va rious kinds; and my object is to provide a-filter ofsimple and cheap construction capable of eifectually filtering a largequantity of liquid in a short time, not easily clogged, and which iscapable of being easily and quickly cleansed. V

My invention consists in the improved filter herein described, the meansfor producing readily-replaceable layers of pulp of varying densities,and in the various novel combinations of parts set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a view in side elevation of afilter embodying my improvements; and Fig. 2, a vertical section, in theplane of the paper of Fig. 1', of the filter detached from the frame.

A is the frame, which may comprise simply two standards of convenientheight provided with bases A, adapted to be secured to afoundation, orthestandards may be connected by and rest upon a single base-plate.

B is the filter-cylinder, within which are located the removablepulp-chambers. It is provided on its outer cylindrical surface, mid

way between its top and bottom, with trun-' nions B journaled in boxes Aat the tops of the standards A. The cylinder is provided with anintegrally-cast bottom 13, provided externally with strengthening-ribs Band internally with a central lug t. The bottom preferably is of theconfiguration shown, being provided with an annular channel t, havingsloping sides, into the bottom of which opens a perforation 15 which maybe connected with a supply-pipe. The cylinder is provided interiorlynear its bottom with an annular shoulder or offset .9, grooved, asshown, to receive an annular rubber gasket 5.

Fitting closely within the cylinder is a circular pan or pulp-chamber C,having a bottom 0, provided on its upper surface with a large number ofconcentric annular grooves r, into which open alarge number of smallperforations 0", an u pwardly-extendin g flange or rim 0*, and adownwardly-extending annular flange C provided with an annular groovecontacting with the gasket 8. The bottom is provided at the center ofits under surface with a lug r which rests upon the lug 25. Upon thechamber C is a lid or cover D, which rests at its circumferentialportion upon the rim C and is provided near the circumference with adownwardly-extending flange D, which fits snugly within the rim C Theunder surface of the lid is provided with a series of concentric groovesq, into which open perforations q, with which the lid is provided. Thelid is provided with an upwardly-exten ding flange D grooved to re=ceive a gasket g and centrally of the upper surface of the lid is a lugq, upon which rests a lug p of asecond pulp-chamber E, provided with aperforated bottom E, an upwardlyextending flange E and adownwardly-extending grooved flange E which rests upon the gasket 1 KThe chamber E is provided with a top F similar to the top D on thechamber C, except that its downwardly-extendin g flange F,which fitswithin the rim E is wider than the'corresponding flange D on the lid D.The same relation as to size exists between the flange E and the flangeC The lid F is provided with an n pwardly-extendin g flange F grooved toreceive a gasket n, and centrally with alu g or, upon which bears a lugm, depending from a cover G, with which the cylinder is provided. Thecover G is provided with a flange G, which fits within the cylinder, thegrooved edge of which rests upon the gasket n. Exteriorly the top isprovided with strengthen ing-ribs G and circumferentially with slottedlugs Z to receive bolts Z, pivotally joined to lugs 6 upon the upperborder of the cylinder B, and supplied with nuts which serve to forcethe parts together after the pulp-chambers have been filled.

Within the pulp-chambers are placed fine gauze or perforated metalscreens it, upon which the pulp layers H H are spread, and above thesepulp layers are placed other metal screens it, over which the covers ofthe chambers are placed.

It should be noted that with the construc= tion here shown thepulp-chambers can be filled full or even above their tops with pulp andyet the lids be forced on without difficulty,

the downwardly-depending flanges of the topsserving to force thematerial inward and to leave a clean joint at the meeting surfaces ofthe chambers and their tops. The meeting lugs and flanges of the variousparts are so relationed that considerable force is exerted upon thegaskets before the metal parts contact, and thereby tight joints areeffected at the joints between the flanges and between the flanges andthe inner surface of the cylinder.

An important feature of my invention lies in the means provided formaking the pulp layers of so ccessively-increasing density, and ofcourse the number of layers maybe multiplied at will, though I havefound two layers of comparatively small thickness to answer all ordinarypurposes.

In operation the loose lower pulp layer serves to gather the coarserparticles held in suspension by the liquid,while the more dense upperlayer serves to take out the finer particles, leaving the liquid clear.The effect of this arrangement is to produce a filter which is noteasily clogged and which has a large filtering capacity.

It is obvious that the relative densities of the pulp layers may bevaried within the limits of the apparatus by regulating the amount ofmaterial put into the pulp-chambers and that any desired relativethicknesses an d densities of the pulp layers may be provided for in theconstruction of the filter by regulating the Widths of the flanges onthe pulp-chamber tops or covers in such manner that after the lowercover is seated the top cover shall be capable of further movement. Theeffect of the first downward pressure upon the cover of the cylinder isto force both pulp-chamber covers down till the metal surfaces of thelower chamber and its cover are in contact, after which there can be nofurther compression of the lower pulp layer during the furthercompression of the upper layer.

The cover of the cylinder is provided with an annular depression similarto that at the bottom of the cylinder, into which leads an opening K,which communicates with the cask or vat which receives the purifiedliquor. The purpose of these depressions, as is obvious, is to insurethe discharge of all liquor from the filter when it is desired to changethe pulp layers or cleanse the filter, the filter being rotatable uponthe trunnions to bring the top or discharge end to the position of thebottom when it is desired to drain the filter or remove its contents.

Minor changes in the details of construction may be made withoutdeparting from my invention as defined by the appended claims. Forinstance, it is obvious that the form of the containing or filtercylinder may be modified by making a corresponding change in the form ofthe interior members; also, it is evident that the filter may beoperated in different positions, though the preferred position is thatshown, in which the water is caused to rise from below and pass out thetop and where there is a tendency of the sediment to settle to thebottom rather than im pregnate the pulp material.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. Ina filter, the combination of two or more superimposed pulpchambers, pulplayers therein, covers for said chambers resting upon said pulp layers,means for forcing the cover of the lower chamber down through the mediumof the upper chamber, and means for limiting the downward movement ofthe cover of the lower chamber with relation to said chamber, wherebythe pulp layers may be given a varying density, substantially as and forthe purpose set forth.

2. In a filter, the combination of a pulpchamber provided with aperforated bottom and an upturned rim, a perforated cover provided witha downtnrned flange fitting into said rim, a second pulp-chambercontacting with said cover and provided with a perforated bottom and anupturned rim, a perforated cover provided with a downturn ed flan gefitting within said rim, pulp layers in said chambers contacting withsaid covers, means for forcing the top of the lower chamber down throughthe medium of the upper chamber, said rims or flanges serving to limitthe relative movement of the covers with relation to their chambers,whereby the relative densities of the pulp layers are regulated, andmeans for preventing the escape of the liquid from between thepulp-chambers except by way of the perforations in the bottom of theupper chamber, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In a filter, the combination of a filtercylinder, or similarcontaining-chamber, provided at its bottom with an inlet, an annularshoulder near the bottom of the cylinder, a gasket contacting therewith,a pulp-chamber contacting at its circumference with said gashot andprovided with a perforated bottom and an upturned rim closely fittingthe cylinder, a pulp layer in said chamber, a cover resting thereonprovided with a downturned flange fitting within said rim, a gasketabove said cover at its circumferential portion, an upper p ulp-chamberresting thereon provided with a perforated bottom and circumferentiallywith an upturned rim closely fitting the cylinder, a pulp layer in saidupper pulpchamber, a perforated cover resting thereon provided near itscircumference with a downturned flange fitting within said rim, a coverfor the cylinder resting on the cover of the upper pulp-chamber andprovided with an outlet, and means for forcing the cylindercover downand through the medium thereof the lower covers, substantially as andfor the purpose set forth.

4-. I11 a filter, the combination of a containing-cylinder provided atits bottom with an inlet and a central upwardly-extending lug, a groovedannular shoulder near the bottom of the cylinder provided with a gasket,a pulpchamber provided at its bottom with perforations, a central lugand flange resting on the corresponding parts of the cylinder, andprovided also with an upturned rim closely fitting the cylinder, a pulplayer in the chamber, a perforated cover fitting snugly within thecylinder provided near its circumference with a downturned flangefitting within said rim and at its circumference with an upturnedgrooved flange provided with a gasket and centrally with an upturnedlug, a similarly-constructed upper pulp-chamber and cover provided withcentral lugs and grooved gasket-fitted flanges supported by the lowerchamber, a cover for the containing-chamber provided with a central lugand with a downturned flange fitting within the cylinder, and meansconnected with the cylinder and its cover for forcing the latterdownward and through the medium thereof forcing the pulpchamber covershome, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

5. In a filter, the combination of a containing-cylinder provided on theinterior of its bottom with a central lug surrounded by anannulardepression into which opens an inlet,

a gasket-fitted annular shoulder near the bottom of the cylinder, aflanged gasket-fitted perforated pulp-chamber provided with a lowerscreen, a pulp layer and an upper screen and provided atits bottom witha downturned lug, a flanged gasket-fitted cover resting upon the upperscreen and provided centrally with an upturned lug, asimilarly-constructed upper pulpchamber, filter-layer, and covertherefor all supported on the cover of the lower pulp-chamber, a gasketon the grooved upturned flange of the upper pulp-chamber covercontacting with the inner cylinder-surface, a cover for thecontaining-chamber provided with a grooved flange flttingwithin thecylinder and resting on said gasket and provided also with a central lugsurrounded by an annular depression from which leads an outlet-pipe,circumferentially-arranged slot- .ted lugs on the cover, andpivotally-connected bolts at the cylinder-top fitting into the slots andprovided with nuts for forcing the cover down, and standards pivotallysupporting the containingcylinder to permit its reversal, substantiallyas and for the purpose set forth.

ISIDOR KOHN. In presence of- R. T. SPENCER, J. H. LEE.

